Dong, Xuetong
Xing, Luling
Article History
Received: 7 October 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 16 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the lead author's institution. Ethics approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the School of Management with approval number REC-SMS-2023–047, dated March 15, 2023. All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation. The study protocol ensured participant anonymity and confidentiality, with all identifying information removed from the dataset. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty.
: The authors declare no competing interests.