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Article History

Received: 21 October 2025

Accepted: 2 February 2026

First Online: 6 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This qualitative meta-analysis study received ethical approval from the Southwest University of Science and Technology Institutional Review Board (Ethics Committee Approval Number: SWUST-2024-IRB-027, Date: March 15, 2024). As this research involved secondary analysis of published qualitative studies, individual participant consent was not required. The study protocol adhered to the ethical guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses as outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and followed the ethical standards for secondary data analysis established by the institution’s research ethics committee.

: Not Applicable. This qualitative meta-analysis study involved secondary analysis of previously published research studies. No individual participant data, images, or other identifiable information that would require consent for publication are included in this manuscript. All data utilized were derived from publicly available peer-reviewed publications.

: The authors declare no competing interests.