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Authors
Wang, Jingshuo
Chen, Qingjie
Meng, Jie
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Postgraduate Education Reform Project of Linyi University (JGM2025018)
Teaching Reform Research Project of Linyi University (JGM2025M08)
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Article History
Received: 25 June 2025
Accepted: 3 February 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Linyi University ( No. LYU20250101). All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Linyi University. Prior to the study, we contacted the administrators of the participating schools and obtained permission for the questionnaire test and informed consent from the students. All students voluntarily participated in the survey.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
