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Authors
Cheng, Qinglin
Jin, Haiyan
Deng, Yuanyuan
Chen, Junfang
Wang, Liuxi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Basic Public Welfare Research Project of Zhejiang Province (LGF21H260007)
Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province (2020PY064 and 2021PY065)
Zhejiang Provincial Disease Prevention and Control Science and Technology Program Project (2026JKY172)
Disease Prevention and Control Innovation Team of Zhejiang Province (2026JKP-03)
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Article History
Received: 7 January 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Declarations
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: The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Approval number, No.2022-6; approval date, December 24, 2022). Written informed consent to participate in this study was provided by the participants or their legal guardian/next of kin. Following confirmation as a mature minor, participants aged under 16 years were asked by the research team for permission to contact a parent or guardian to obtain parental consent. If either the young person refused to provide contact details or the parent/guardian refused consent, the young person was still able to participate, having been identified as a mature minor. Additionally, all methods were performed in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
