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Authors
Pham, Nga Quynh Thi https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3122-7493
Pham, Anh Phuong Ha https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4553-4439
Nguyen, Thi Minh Thi https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5021-3903
Tran, Hoang Minh https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2995-8196
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
University of Finance - Marketing
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Article History
Received: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 12 February 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
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: The 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its ensuing amendments, as well as the institutional research committee's ethical guidelines, were followed in the conduct of this study. As part of the execution of an applied research project at the university level, the study was approved by the University Council of the University of Finance – Marketing under Decision No. 609/HĐ-DHTCM-QLKHĐMST, dated August 25, 2025. Before participation, all individuals were fully informed about the purpose and procedures of the study and provided their written informed consent.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
