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Authors
Zhang, Chenxi
Xu, Yan
Li, Dongcai
Zhang, Peng
Wang, Yanyan
Wan, Qing
Li, Juanjuan
Zeng, Xianhai
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
General Program of Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Commission (JCYJ20250604123359006)
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 16 February 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Declarations
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: CHARLS study was conformed to the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Biomedical Ethics Review Board of Peking University in China (IRB00001052-11015). Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants after they were fully informed about the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
