Article History
Received: 25 January 2026
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University (Approval No. TMU-REC-2024-068). Informed written consent was obtained from all legal guardians of the adolescent participants, and verbal assent was provided by the adolescent participants themselves. All study procedures were performed with the full understanding and cooperation of the participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.