Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Weng, Tsung-han https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4971-7240
Peng, Jinchang https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2875-4952
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Macau University of Science and Technology Faculty Research Grants
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 15 December 2025
Accepted: 3 March 2026
First Online: 21 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was reviewed and approved by Beijing Normal University. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.As some participants were minors under the age of 16, written informed consent to participate was obtained from their parents or legal guardians, in addition to assent from the students themselves. For participants aged 16 or above, informed consent was obtained directly from the students. Participation was voluntary, and all respondents were assured of anonymity and confidentiality. No identifiable personal information was collected.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
