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Article History

Received: 15 December 2025

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 19 March 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Health Sciences, Hamidiye Scientific Research Ethics Committee (Decision Number: 2023-23/336). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Participants were informed about the nature of the study and their right to withdraw at any stage without consequence.

: Not applicable. This study does not include any identifying images or personal/clinical details of participants.

: The authors declare no competing interests.