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Article History

Received: 5 November 2025

Accepted: 24 March 2026

First Online: 14 April 2026

Declarations

:

: All research procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and institutional guidelines for studies involving human participants. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Dankook University (Approval No. 2024-03-005). On the initial page of the web-based questionnaire, participants were informed of the study’s purpose, procedures, confidentiality, and their rights to voluntary participation and withdrawal at any time. They indicated their informed consent by selecting “I agree” before proceeding to the survey.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.