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Article History

Received: 6 January 2026

Accepted: 26 March 2026

First Online: 1 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Liaoning Normal University (approval No. LL2025016). Written informed consent/assent was obtained from all participants and, where applicable, from a parent or legal guardian.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.