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Article History

Received: 15 February 2026

Accepted: 18 May 2026

First Online: 22 May 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was submitted to and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital (Approval No.: SWYX: NO.2020 − 217) and registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. The study was conducted in strict accordance with the ethical standards outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments, as well as internationally accepted ethical guidelines. Before initiation of the study, all participants were provided with a detailed explanation of the study purpose, procedures, and data confidentiality commitments. Written informed consent was obtained from each participant prior to enrollment. The implementation and reporting of this study strictly followed the CONSORT guidelines.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.