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Authors
Talebi, Razieh
Ramezanzade Tabriz, Elahe
Nateghi, Seyed Nima
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Article History
Received: 21 July 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.MUMS.NURSE.REC.1403.006). The study protocol was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. After obtaining the necessary permissions and coordinating with the relevant authorities at Omid, Imam Reza, Shahid Hasheminejad, Qaem, and Nazaran hospitals in Mashhad, eligible patients were identified based on the inclusion criteria. The study objectives and the researcher’s institutional affiliation were explained to all participants, and written informed and voluntary consent was obtained prior to participation. Participants were assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their information. They were also informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any stage without any consequences, in which case their data would be removed from the analysis.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
