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Article History

Received: 18 July 2025

Accepted: 24 June 2026

First Online: 29 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendation of the Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct by the American Psychological Association (APA). All participants gave written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This research was approved by the Gümüşhane University Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee with the decision number E-95674917-108.99-5617420 21/6 dated 29/09/2021.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.