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Exploratory cumulative genetic scores for mathematical ability moderate the relationship between parental educational involvement and children’s mathematical ability: a four-wave longitudinal study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-026-05354-z

Published Online: 2026-08-15

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Guo, Kaiyue

Xu, Yanli

Li, Hongxia

Zhuo, Xinfeng

Wu, Yuxuan

Zhang, Mingliang

Si, Jiwei
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971010)

Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of the Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China (25YJA190013)

Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2024MC046)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-08-15

Accepted Manuscript valid from 2026-08-15
More Information

Article History

Received: 16 December 2025

Accepted: 7 August 2026

First Online: 15 August 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethics approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Shandong Normal University. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all the participants in the study and the purpose and confidentiality principles were explained to participants.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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