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Authors
Arrona-Gómez, Vicente https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7786-0500
Godino-Cruz, Jesús https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4064-1252
Mediavilla, Roberto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-9439
Tijerino Inestroza, Ana Maria
Redlich, Cassie https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8018-3117
Khurshudyan, Marietta
Raminashvili, David
Castelpietra, Giulio
Langins, Margrieta
Lazëri, Ledia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2294-7185
Zapata, Tomás https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-3520
Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7544-826X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Commission
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Article History
Received: 5 January 2026
Accepted: 18 August 2026
First Online: 21 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and was granted ethical approval by the Ethics Committee at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Identifier: CEI-141-3158/2). The requirement for formal written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), as the study consisted of an anonymous online survey. Participants who accessed the survey were provided with a “How we treat your data” section containing the following information: The survey does not collect any personal data, as defined by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union. Completing the survey constituted the participants’ implied informed consent.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
