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Tumor cell-released autophagosomes (TRAPs) promote immunosuppression through induction of M2-like macrophages with increased expression of PD-L1

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-018-0452-5

Published Online: 2018-12-18

Published Print: 2018-12

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Wen, Zhi-Fa

Liu, Hongxiang

Gao, Rong

Zhou, Meng

Ma, Jie

Zhang, Yue

Zhao, Jinjin

Chen, Yongqiang

Zhang, Tianyu

Huang, Fang

Pan, Ning

Zhang, Jinping

Fox, Bernard A.

Hu, Hong-Ming

Wang, Li-Xin http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3480-4491
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670918, 31370895, 31170857)

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Research Innovation Program for College Graduates of Jiangsu Province (KYLX_0193)

China Scholarship Council (201506090141)
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2018-12-01
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Article History

Received: 20 July 2018

Accepted: 16 November 2018

First Online: 18 December 2018

Ethics approval

: All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Southeast University. All human experiments were approved by the Ethics Committee for Human Studies of Southeast University and performed under protocol 2016ZDKYSB112. Informed consent was obtained from all patients.

: All authors provide their consent for publication of the manuscript.

: Hong-Ming Hu and Bernard A. Fox are co-founders of UbiVac. The other authors declare no competing interests.

: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.