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Article History

Received: 12 April 2019

Accepted: 22 October 2019

First Online: 7 November 2019

Ethics approval

: Before conducting the study, we obtained a review board waiver from our institution.

: Not applicable.

: Quoc-Dien Trinh reports honoraria from Astellas, Bayer and Janssen and Intuitive Surgical. Adam S Kibel reports consulting fees from Sanofi, Dendreon, Tokai, and Profound. Toni K Choueiri reports institutional and personal research support from AstraZeneca, Alexion, Bayer, Bristol Myers-Squibb/ER Squibb and sons LLC, Cerulean, Eisai, Foundation Medicine Inc., Exelixis, Ipsen, Tracon, Genentech, Roche, Roche Products Limited, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Lilly, Merck, Novartis, Peloton, Pfizer, Prometheus Labs, Corvus, Calithera, Analysis Group, Sanofi/Aventis, Takeda. Toni K. Choueiri reports honoraria from AstraZeneca, Alexion, Sanofi/Aventis, Bayer, Bristol Myers-Squibb/ER Squibb and sons LLC, Cerulean, Eisai, Foundation Medicine Inc., Exelixis, Genentech, Roche, Roche Products Limited, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Peloton, Pfizer, EMD Serono, Prometheus Labs, Corvus, Ipsen, Up-to-Date, NCCN, Analysis Group, NCCN, Michael J. Hennessy (MJH) Associates, Inc. (Healthcare Communications Company with several brands such as OnClive, PeerView and PER), L-path, Kidney Cancer Journal, Clinical Care Options, Platform Q, Navinata Healthcare, Harborside Press, American Society of Medical Oncology, NEJM, Lancet Oncology, Heron Therapeutics, Lilly. Toni K. Choueiri reports consulting or advisory role with AstraZeneca, Alexion, Sanofi/Aventis, Bayer, Bristol Myers-Squibb/ER Squibb and sons LLC, Cerulean, Eisai, Foundation Medicine Inc., Exelixis, Genentech, Heron Therapeutics, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Peloton, Pfizer, EMD Serono, Prometheus Labs, Corvus, Lilly, Ipsen, Up-to-Date, NCCN, Analysis Group. Toni K. Choueiri reports no speaker’s bureau, no leadership or employment in for-profit companies. Other present or past leadership roles of Toni K. Choueiri: Director of GU Oncology Division at Dana-Farber and past President of medical Staff at Dana-Farber, member of NCCN Kidney panel and the GU Steering Committee, past chairman of the Kidney Cancer Association Medical and Scientific Steering Committee. Additionally, Toni K. Choueiri reports no patents, royalties or other intellectual properties. He reports travel, accommodations, expenses, in relation to consulting, advisory roles, or honoraria. His medical writing and editorial assistance support may have been funded by Communications companies funded by pharmaceutical companies. Furthermore, the institution (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute) may have received additional independent funding of drug companies or/and royalties potentially involved in research around the subject matter.Patrick A. Ott reports consulting or advisory role with Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Pfizer, Novartis, Genentech, CytomX, Array, Celldex, Neon Therapeutics as well as research funding from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, AstraZeneca/Medimmune, Celldex, CytomX, Genentech, Neon Therapeutics, ARMO Biosciences.