Caldwell, Aliya https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7180-7088
Craig, Elizabeth https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8186-0077
Hermann, Nathan T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-5300
Furey, Nathan B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8584-7889
Article History
Received: 30 December 2025
Accepted: 17 June 2026
First Online: 15 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: All fieldwork was conducted in compliance with institutional, national, and international ethical guidelines, including those for the use of birds in research presented in the Ornithological Council’s “Guidelines to the Use of Wild Birds in Research” [ ]. All animal handling for the study was conducted under NH Fish and Game permit #160403, USGS banding permit #06543, and UNH IACUC protocols #190303 and #220304.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.