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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Education Examinations Authority—Cambridge University Press & Assessment China’s Standards of English Research Grants Scheme (kaoxie [2022] No. 4, kaoxie [2022] No. 4, kaoxie [2022] No. 4, kaoxie [2022] No. 4, kaoxie [2022] No. 4)
Humanities and Social Sciences Fund of the Ministry of Education (No. 22YJA740019, No. 22YJA740019, No. 22YJA740019, No. 22YJA740019, No. 22YJA740019)
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Article History
Received: 5 March 2025
Accepted: 28 April 2025
First Online: 9 October 2025
Declarations
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: Ethics approval for this study was obtained from the Beijing Forestry University’s Human Study Ethics Committee. Approval No.: BJFUPSY-2024–038. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study and agreed upon the consent letter. Participation was voluntary, and participants could withdraw from the study at any time without any course-related consequences.
: All authors have read and approved the final manuscript. In addition, all participants provided their consent for the publication of the data and findings related to the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
