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Article History

Received: 14 April 2025

Accepted: 15 July 2025

First Online: 28 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Tokyo University of Science. Ethical approval for classroom-based research is not required by institutional policy, but care was taken to ensure voluntary and informed student participation. All students involved in the perception survey and test data analysis provided informed consent for their responses and work to be used for research purposes.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.