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Authors
Escala, Krizel Joanne
Duque, Emna
Alcantara, Alea Shane
Molate, Marie Locelle
Quizon, Pia Jasmin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National University, Philippines (2022I-3T-18-LIPA-SAHS-Academics)
National University, Philippines (2022I-3T-18-LIPA-SAHS-Academics)
National University, Philippines (2022I-3T-18-LIPA-SAHS-Academics)
National University, Philippines (2022I-3T-18-LIPA-SAHS-Academics)
National University, Philippines (2022I-3T-18-LIPA-SAHS-Academics)
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Article History
Received: 19 May 2025
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the National University Lipa Research Ethics Committee (NU Lipa REC Code: 2025-096). The committee has certified that the study complied with the institutional research ethics guidelines based on “The 2022 National Ethical Guidelines for Research Involving Human Participants” (2022) by the Philippine Council for Health Research and Development.Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects before the study. They were informed about the nature of the study, the data to be collected, the anonymity and confidentiality of the data, the risks and benefits, and the voluntarism nature of their participation.
: ‘Not Applicable’ since the study does not include images that may identify the person, and the information gathered is purely anonymized.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
