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Article History

Received: 28 March 2019

Accepted: 13 May 2019

First Online: 22 May 2019

Ethics approval

: All animal experiments were approved by the Ethical Committee of the Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Amt für Gesundheit und Verbraucherschutz (Permit number: V 1300/591–00.33) and in strict accordance with the principles of laboratory animal care (NIH publication No. 86–23, revised 1985) and the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the German Animal Welfare Act on protection of animals. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. All inoculations were performed under Ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride anaesthesia, and all efforts were made to minimize suffering. Mice received a single intraoperative injection of Rimadyl (Carprofen 6 mg/kg) for post-operative pain prophylaxis.Ethical approval for the use of anonymized human post mortem tissues was obtained from the Ethical Committee at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf and is in accordance with ethical regulations at study centers and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: This manuscript has been approved for publication by all authors.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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