Document is current

Article History

Received: 8 January 2025

Accepted: 10 June 2025

First Online: 30 June 2025

Declarations

:

: All experiments were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The operations of the Brain and Body Donation Program are approved by Institutional Review Boards and all participants, or their legal representatives gave informed consent.

: Figure 1 is original and created using BioRender.com.

: DB, GS, SJ report no disclosures. OH is a part-time employee of Eli Lilly, and he has previously acquired research support (for Lund University) from AVID Radiopharmaceuticals, Biogen, C2N Diagnostics, Eli Lilly, Eisai, Fujirebio, GE Healthcare, and Roche. In the past 2 years, he has received consultancy/speaker fees from Alzpath, BioArctic, Biogen, Bristol Meyer Squibb, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Fujirebio, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi and Siemens. TGB received paid consultancy from Biogen, Acadia Pharmaceuticals and Aprinoia Therapeutics; and has stock options with Vivid Genomics; and received honoraria from the NIH, Mayo Clinic, Stanford University, IOS Press– Journal of Parkinson’s Disease and the International Movement Disorders Association. AJ is a Founder/ CSO to Atlantic Biomarkers, LLC and has stock options with ALZpath. EMR is a cofounder and advisor of AlzPath, and a compensated scientific advisor to Alzheon, Denali, Enigma, Cognition Therapeutics, Retromer Therapeutics, and Vaxxinity.