Zhou, Naying
Li, Shaobo
Foss-Skiftesvik, Jon
Dahlin, Anna M.
Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas
Melin, Beatrice
de Smith, Adam J.
Walsh, Kyle M.
Wiemels, Joseph L.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Cancer Institute (R01CA194189)
Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program (T33IR6502)
Article History
Received: 24 September 2025
Accepted: 23 November 2025
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study used only publicly available or previously published GWAS data and did not involve any new data collection or direct interaction with human subjects. All original studies contributing to the GWAS datasets obtained informed consent from participants and received approval from the appropriate institutional review boards. The present analysis complies with the ethical principles outlined in the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.