Yao, Zhi-Gang
Li, Xue-Long
Wen, Wen-Juan
Lin, Xiao-Yan
Zhang, Gui-Hui
Sun, Yi-Ping
Nie, Yi-Cong
Zheng, Zhi-Ming
Xu, Yu-Qiao
Yang, Mu
Yu, Tai-Fei
Dong, Yin
Hou, Yang-Hao
Dang, Lin-Lin
Chu, Shu-Guang
Li, Jia-Mei
Ma, Ji-Wei
Wang, Zhou
Hua, Fang
Wang, Xing-Fu
Wang, Dai-Zhong
Hu, Wan-Ming
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Sciences Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2021MH095)
Natural Sciences Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023MH220)
Jinan Clinical Medical Science and Technology Innovation Project (202430059)
Beijing Xisike Clinical Oncology Research Foundation (Y-tongshu2021/ms-0163)
Youth Science Fund Project (62271475 and 82102877)
Article History
Received: 18 November 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 5 March 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (No. 2023-317). All patients in this study signed a written waiver of informed consent to contribute de-identified data to research projects.
: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.