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Authors
Song, Zhixin
Liu, Qian
Luo, Houzhuo
Fan, Xinyue
Zhang, Mingxin
Liu, Baoning
Yan, Bin
Zhang, Xiaodong
Ren, Liling
Ma, Yanning
Jin, Zuolin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202202, LCB202202)
The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202202, LCB202202)
The National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (LCA202202, LCB202202)
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (82401176)
The National Natural Science Foundation of China (82401176)
The Key Project of the Shaanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program (2024SF-GJHX-37)
The Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project of Shaanxi Province (21BZ089)
The New Technologies and New Business Fund of the School of Stomatology, Air Force Medical University (LX-2023-102, LX2022-306, LX2022-204)
The First Batch of Interdisciplinary Integration Projects of the Air Force Medical University (2023JC009)
The “Golden Course” Development Program of the Third Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University (JK-06)
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Article History
Received: 27 June 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 15 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Stomatological Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University (Approval No. IRB-YJ-2022035). All methods adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
