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Authors
Barbary, Taghrid K.
Elkenany, Walid A.
Yacout, Yomna M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
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Article History
Received: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 1 January 2026
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
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: All the research procedures were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, as stated in the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by Institutional Review Board of the Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt (IORG: 0008839). Manuscript Ethics Committee number 0730-07/2023. Oral assents and written informed consents were obtained from the patients and or/ their legal guardians to allow the use of their records in the study.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
