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Authors
Ye, Wangqiong http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9629-8427
Scherer, Ronny http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3630-0710
Blömeke, Sigrid http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6068-4932
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Horizon 2020 (765400)
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Article History
Received: 3 March 2023
Accepted: 3 June 2024
First Online: 17 June 2024
Declarations
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: The data for this study were obtained from the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 2019 assessment, which is administered by International Association for the Evaluation of Education Achievement (IEA). The data was downloaded from the open data website at: . Consent to participate was applicable to this study.
: All authors give consent for publication.
: We have no known conflict of interest to disclose.
