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The role of instructional quality in explaining socioeconomic disparities in mathematics achievement: a multilevel structural equation modeling of Swedish TIMSS 2019 data

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-026-00307-9

Published Online: 2026-07-27

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Patsis, Panagiotis https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8195-7448
Yang Hansen, Kajsa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7071-2482
Klapp, Alli https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8818-0947
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-07-27

Version of Record valid from 2026-07-27
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Article History

Received: 24 October 2025

Accepted: 14 July 2026

First Online: 27 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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