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Article History

Received: 4 July 2025

Accepted: 9 November 2025

First Online: 28 November 2025

Declarations

:

: All study procedures involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Boards prior to data collection. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants, including parental consent and youth assent for participants under 18 years of age, after a detailed explanation of the study’s goals, procedures, and data usage. Participants explicitly agreed to the use of their de-identified data for academic research and publication purposes. To ensure confidentiality, all personally identifiable information was removed, and data were aggregated to prevent re-identification. The study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and followed international standards for human subject research, including stringent data privacy and security protocols. Data were encrypted and stored securely, with access restricted to authorized research team members.

: The authors confirm that they have obtained all necessary permissions for the publication of this research, including the use of anonymized data and materials. No identifiable personal information is included in the manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.