A comprehensive survey on deep learning approaches for image captioning: a systematic review
Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40537-026-01377-w
Published Online: 2026-02-23
Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy
Al-Malla, Muhammad Abdelhadie
Hamdoun, Omar
Ghneim, Nada
Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-02-23
Version of Record valid from 2026-03-27
Article History
Received: 8 May 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
:
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.