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Authors
Budiarto, Rahmat
Sholikin, Mohammad Miftakhus
Mubarok, Syariful
Ujilestari, Tri
Adli, Danung Nur
Ahmed, Temoor
Ali, Hayssam M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitas Padjadjaran (Article Processing Charge Assistance Program for the 2025 fiscal year.)
University of Padjadjaran
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Article History
Received: 24 January 2025
Accepted: 23 April 2025
First Online: 15 May 2025
Declarations
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: This research is an original study that has not been submitted or published elsewhere. It utilizes secondary data sourced from previous research and does not involve studies related to animal welfare or studies involving humans as subjects.
: This research is an original study published exclusively in this journal.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
