Syafhan, Nadia Farhanah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3535-0209
Donnelly, Rosemary
Harper, Roy
Harding, Janet
Mulligan, Ciara
Hogg, Anita
Scott, Michael
Fleming, Glenda
Scullin, Claire
Hawwa, Ahmed F. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0547-7361
Chen, Gaoyun
Parsons, Carole https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0012-3927
McElnay, James C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-9715
Funding for this research was provided by:
Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (20160422046233)
Article History
Received: 28 June 2022
Accepted: 2 October 2022
First Online: 12 October 2022
Declarations
:
: The study was approved by the Health Research Authority (HRA), London-Bromley Research Ethic Committees (19/LO/0804). Research governance approval was obtained from the South Eastern Health and Social Care Trust, N. Ireland (SET.19.16). Human blood sample collection for use in developing calibration standards for metformin assays was approved by the School of Pharmacy Research Ethics Committee, Queen’s University Belfast (013PMY2009).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.