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The role of interactive, constructive, active, and passive learning activities (ICAPCALL) in shaping students’ online engagement, and learning approaches to virtual exchange (SAVE): a bisymmetric approach

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-024-00363-0

Published Online: 2025-09-30

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Rahimi, Amir Reza https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4963-3442
Sevilla-Pavón, Ana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5253-0423
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (PID2023-151087NB-I00)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-09-30

Version of Record valid from 2025-09-30
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Article History

Received: 19 September 2024

Accepted: 25 December 2024

First Online: 30 September 2025

Declarations

:

: Authors declare no competing interests.

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