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Article History

Received: 25 September 2025

Accepted: 12 February 2026

First Online: 18 March 2026

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research ethics committees and with the Declaration of Helsinki (1964) and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. All experimental procedures were approved by the Academic Ethics Committee of Shandong University. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.

: During the preparation of this work, the author used ChatGPT and Doubao in order to improve the readability of the manuscript. After using these tools, the author reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the content of the published article.

: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.