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Authors
Kalverda, Kirsten A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8986-2031
Wijmans, Lizzy
Bos, Lieuwe D. J.
Smit, Mary R.
van de Berk, Inge A. H.
de Bruin, Daniel M.
Bloemen, Paul
Radonic, Teodora
Schultz, Marcus J.
Bonta, Peter I.
Annema, Jouke T.
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Article History
Received: 19 February 2026
Accepted: 1 May 2026
First Online: 24 June 2026
Declarations
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: Study was approved by the institutional review board (Medical Ethics Review Committee) of Amsterdam University Medical Center (NL61112.018.17) and subsequently extended under a follow-up protocol (NL76007.018.20). Written informed consent was obtained from patients legal representatives. The study was performed in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: L.D.B. reports grants from Dutch Lung Foundation and Health Holland (public–private partnership grant), grants from IMI COVID19 initiative, grants from Amsterdam UMC fellowship, grants from ZonMW (VIDI & COVID19 Urgency grant), and grants from ERS Gold Metal for ARDS. He also reports advisory boards or consultancy fees, paid to the institution, for: Santhera, Astra Zeneca, Aptarion, all outside the submitted work. MR.S. is supported by a personal grant from NWO (Veni, paid to the institution). J.T.A. has received research grants from Mauna Kea Technologies. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
