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Authors
Hao, Zhenliang
Gao, Dalin
Zhang, Wei
Huang, Shan
Gu, Dalong
Yang, Fan
Zhang, Wei
Ding, Yi
Yan, Dong
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Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 3 February 2026
First Online: 12 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital. Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data.
: Not applicable. (Written informed consent was waived by the local ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
