Gong, Jie
Liu, Meixi
Wang, Qifeng
Zhang, Wencheng
Ma, Rui
Li, Jie
Yang, Zhi
Meng, Fan
Sun, Hongfei
Zhao, Lina
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82404071)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82272941)
State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers (2025GTMP005)
Xi’an Science and technology plan project (24YXYJ0160)
Shaanxi Provincial Health Research Innovation Capability Enhancement Program (2025PT-02)
Article History
Received: 21 April 2026
Accepted: 24 August 2026
First Online: 1 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Xijing Hospital Ethics Committee of the Fourth Military Medical University (KY20222145-C-1). This study was a retrospective analysis of existing clinical data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.