Zhao, ChenHao
Yao, XinYu
Zhao, YeWei
Wu, HongJiang
Zong, JiaHui
Tong, XuanYa
Oehring, Daniela https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2954-0548
Yang, Lan
Zhou, XiaoFei
Li, Ying
Shen, YanJie
Ye, YuFeng
Chen, ShiHao
Qu, Jia https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2800-6612
Wang, QinMei https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0629-0734
Elsheikh, Ahmed
Bao, FangJun https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9881-6267
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82271049)
Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province (WKJ-ZJ-2542)
Article History
Received: 10 November 2025
Accepted: 5 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The study procedures adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and were conducted in compliance with the Ethics Committee of Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (H2023-017-K-14).
: Not applicable.
: Ahmed Elsheikh is a consultant to Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH and an editorial board member of this journal. Jia Qu is the editor in chief of this journal. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests.