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Authors
Wang, Mei-Hua
Li, Rui
Fang, Jiang
Deng, Xinyu
Zhang, Jun
Guo, Yu
Chen, Lin
Chen, Linhui
Yu, Chun
Chen, Yanjie
Wu, Gang
Hu, Jin
Yao, Haijun
Yuan, Qiang
Yang, Lei
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82401617)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Major Scientific Instrument Development Project: No. 82427808)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82471407)
the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2023ZD0505003)
the Shanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center, Medical Technology Promotion and Optimization Management project for municipal hospitals (SHDC22023224)
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Article History
Received: 6 May 2026
Accepted: 8 September 2026
First Online: 18 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
