Birindwa, Etienne Kajibwami https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5537-0840
Magene, Rodrigue Noko
Mudekereza, Paterne Safari
Irenge, Jules Mongane
Iragi, Cyril Nyakadere
Munyumbi, Christophe Kyembwa
Asoka, Blandine Bulambo
Cikomola, Fabrice Gulimwentuga
Cimusa, Patrick de Marie Katoto
Nemery, Benoit
Kabesha Amani B., Théophile
Akilimali, Tony Shindano
Wabulakombe, Gloire Mubake
Mulumeoderhwa, Guy Mulinganya
Amani, Dieudonné Sengeyi Mushengezi
Article History
Received: 7 May 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Université Officielle de Bukavu (Approval No. UOB/CEM/042/2024).
: Written informed consent was obtained from the parents for the publication of the newborn's photographs.
: The authors declare no competing interests.