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Article History

Received: 2 July 2025

Accepted: 5 November 2025

First Online: 4 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committees of Kansai Medical University (approval number 2021010) and Setsunan University (approval number 2021-021). This research complied with the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects. Given the retrospective nature of this study, both ethics committees waived the need for obtaining informed consent for data use and approved employment of an opt-out procedure for patient consent.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.