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Article History

Received: 21 August 2024

Accepted: 23 January 2025

First Online: 7 March 2025

Declarations

:

: The present study was conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical clearance (Ref. No.: IRB/140/14) was obtained from the Institutional Review Board College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University. Also, letters requesting for permission and cooperation were issued from Research and community service directorate of College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University and submitted to the respective hospitals’ administrative bodies. Informed consents were secured from all study participants after they were provided with information about the study and their right to accept or refuse participation.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Three of the authors are from College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia. Dr. Alemneh Kabeta Daba in an assistant professor of Human Nutrition in the college who studied BSc in Nursing, MSc in Applied Human Nutrition and PhD in Human Nutrition with research interest linking Nutrition with health and other sectors. Frehiwot Atsbeha is a lecturer of Human Nutrition at Hawassa University who studied BSc in health and MSc in Human Nutrition. Dr. Alemu Tamiso is an associate professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at Hawassa University with research focus on NCD and digitalizing health.