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Authors
Zhang, Yueyu
Chen, Xinyi
Tang, Yi
Wang, Yu
Zhang, Kangrui
Wu, Juncang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hefei Key Common Technology R&D”Projects (GJ2022SM07)
Hefei Key Common Technology R&D”Projects (GJ2022SM07)
Hefei Key Common Technology R&D”Projects (GJ2022SM07)
Hefei Key Common Technology R&D”Projects (GJ2022SM07)
Hefei Key Common Technology R&D”Projects (GJ2022SM07)
Hefei Key Common Technology R&D”Projects (GJ2022SM07)
The Hospital - level Scientific Research Fund Project of Hefei Second People's Hospital” Project (2024ykc012)
The Hospital - level Scientific Research Fund Project of Hefei Second People's Hospital” Project (2024ykc012)
The Hospital - level Scientific Research Fund Project of Hefei Second People's Hospital” Project (2024ykc012)
The Hospital - level Scientific Research Fund Project of Hefei Second People's Hospital” Project (2024ykc012)
The Hospital - level Scientific Research Fund Project of Hefei Second People's Hospital” Project (2024ykc012)
The Hospital - level Scientific Research Fund Project of Hefei Second People's Hospital” Project (2024ykc012)
Key Projects in Natural Sciences” Project (2024byzd401)
Key Projects in Natural Sciences” Project (2024byzd401)
Key Projects in Natural Sciences” Project (2024byzd401)
Key Projects in Natural Sciences” Project (2024byzd401)
Key Projects in Natural Sciences” Project (2024byzd401)
Key Projects in Natural Sciences” Project (2024byzd401)
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Article History
Received: 10 May 2025
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 7 October 2025
Declarations
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: This research was carried out in compliance with the ethical principles outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent revisions. The data collection for NHANES had been approved by the Research Ethics Review Board (ERB) of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). As an individual researcher leveraging the publicly accessible NHANES dataset, there was no requirement to submit an application to the institutional internal review board (IRB). Informed consent was obtained from all participants, and the study was approved by the Research Ethics Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
