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Authors
Ghosh-Jerath, Suparna
Kapoor, Ridhima
Gandhi, Naina
Nair, Swati C.
Rastogi, Aman
Ghosh, Arpita
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance (IA/CPHI/16/1/502639)
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2024
Accepted: 25 August 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Declarations
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: All procedures involving humans were in compliance to the guidelines laid down in Declaration of Helsinki [ ] and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee at the Indian Institute of Public Health-Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India (Ref no: IIPHD_IEC_03_2017) and the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (Ref no: IEC-121/09.03.2018, RP-42/2018). Before initiating data collection, written administrative approvals were taken from authorities at the district level and cluster level consents were taken from village leaders. All study participants were made aware of the study protocols and procedures and were assured of the confidentiality of their information. Based on this information, informed consent (verbal witnessed consent in case the participants could not read or write and signed non-witnessed written informed consent for literate participants) was taken. Participation in the study was voluntary, and small incentives were given to the participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
