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Authors
Ramadhan, Dilkhosh Shamal https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9814-1916
Mustafa, Ibrahim Hasan
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Article History
Received: 3 November 2025
Accepted: 24 March 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethical Committee of the College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, under approval code 243, granted on June 2, 2024. This study was also conducted in full accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki (2013 revision) and complied with national and institutional research ethics standards.
: Not applicable. No identifying personal or clinical details of participants are included in this manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
