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Article History

Received: 27 March 2026

Accepted: 19 May 2026

First Online: 25 May 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Al-Quds University, Palestine. All study procedures were carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Before beginning the online survey, all participants were informed about the purpose of the study, the study procedures, the voluntary nature of participation, and the confidentiality of their responses. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence. Data were collected anonymously, and no personally identifying information was obtained.

Consent for publication: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data, images, or videos requiring consent for publication.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.