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Authors
Abubakari, Abdul Razak https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0407-5022
Alhassan, Ahmad Sukerazu
Salifu, Abukari
Ziblim, Shamsu-Deen
Sufyan, Suara Bakuri
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Article History
Received: 15 April 2026
Accepted: 10 June 2026
First Online: 15 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical clearance was obtained from the University for Development Studies Institutional Review Board (Ref: UDS/RB/230/24). Informed consent was obtained from all respondents prior to inclusion. Prior to participation, the nature, objective, potential risks/benefits, and methodology of the study were thoroughly explained to the respondents in their local dialect (Dagbani or Konkomba) and their understanding was evaluated. For those below age 18 years, informed consent was obtained from a legal guardian. The study complied with the principles of the declaration of Helsinki.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
