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Article History

Received: 27 December 2018

Accepted: 9 July 2019

First Online: 24 July 2019

Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

: The research involved the retrospective review of medical records of human subjects. Ethics approval was obtained from the Australian Institute of Sport (document attached). Approval Number 20180602.Each participant also gave their informed consent to access and use their medical records for research purposes.

: Each participant gave their informed consent to access and use their medical records for research purposes.

: Dr George Awwad, Dr Jennifer Coleman, Dr Christopher Dunkley and Dr David Dewar declare they had no non-financial competing interests in this study. Dr George Awwad, Dr Christopher Dunkley and Dr David Dewar declare they did not receive any financial support for the undertaking of the study, or had a financial relationship that may have posed a conflict of interest, aside from Dr Jennifer Coleman who was employed by the Newcastle Knights Rugby League club at the time of the study. Dr Jennifer Coleman was employed as the Chief Medical Officer of the Newcastle Knights Rugby League club, from which the subjects of this research were recruited. However, she does not receive financial gain with regards to the conduct or publication of this research, and it is not tied to the terms of any employment.